GK SCIENCE ANSWER PAPERS

1. Correct Answer: D [Spinal Chord]

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The nervous system is made of two parts viz. Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). CNS is made of Brain [cerebrum, brainstem and cerebellum] and spinal cord. The PNS is made of nerves and neural ganglia. Further, the meninges (three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord) are also a part of the nervous system

2. Correct Answer: A [Crookes Glass]

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Crookes glass comprises Cerium oxide (CiO2) which sharply absorbs the ultraviolet rays from the sunlight. It is used in making lenses of eye glasses.

3. Correct Answer: B [Proteins]

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Kwashiorkor disease is caused by the deficiency of proteins. It is also known as “edematous malnutrition”. It is a nutritional disorder most often observed in regions experiencing famine.

4. Correct Answer: B [Genes]

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Genes controls the protein synthesis and heredity. It is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity and are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins.

5. Correct Answer: A [Jatropha curcas]

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The cultivation of Jatropha curcas on wastelands has a potential to generate biofuel in large quantities. It is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family called Euphorbiaceae, that is native to the American tropics, most likely in Mexico and Central America.

6. Correct Answer: B [Mesocarp]

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Coir is the nature fibre obtained from mescocarp of the coconut fruit. Coconut fruit has three layers viz. Exocarp, MesoCarp and Endocarp. Exocarp is the outer green layer, Mesocarp is the fleshy, which becomes husk on drying middle layer and endocarp is the inner woody layer.

7. Correct Answer: C [1 & 3]

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Both Cochlea and vestibular system are parts of Internal ear, Cochlea is responsible for hearing and vestibular system is responsible for balance of the body. Both make the Auditory system of the body. The malleus, incus, and stapes are ossciles in Middle Ear so statement 3 is correct

8. Correct Answer: B [Influenza]

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Influenza (1-2 days) , rest are 6-15 days

9. Correct Answer: B [Only 1 & 2]

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Antibiotic resistance occurs from random mutations, the first choice given is correct. The slow exposure to an antibiotic will give more chance for mutations to occur. Most antibiotics are derived from naturally derived from organisms, penicillin was derived from the mould Penicillium, other antibiotics have also been extracted from bacteria, and these bacteria will be resistant to that antibiotic. The Horizontal Gene Transfer is considered to be the main culprit of the antibiotic resistance. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT), also lateral gene transfer (LGT), is any process in which an organism incorporates genetic material from another organism without being the offspring of that organism. By contrast, vertical transfer occurs when an organism receives genetic material from its ancestor, e.g., its parent or a species from which it has evolved. Horizontal gene transfer is also the primary reason for bacterial antibiotic resistance and this often involves plasmids. Genes that are responsible for antibiotic resistance in one species of bacteria can be transferred to another species of bacteria through various mechanisms. The resistance spreads across bacterial species usually by transfer of genetic material via a vector, this vector tends to be a circular piece of genetic material known as a plasmid. Operons within the plasmid code for several genes, a combination of proteins including an enzyme which is able to deactivate antibiotics, for example beta-lactamase is an enzyme which cleaves beta-lactam rings, deactivating penicillin and its derivatives (although certain derivatives like methicillin are resistant to beta lactamases). Sequences within plasmids that can transfer to the cell’s own genetic material is known as a transposon.
The third choice “vertical gene transfer’ is not correct. Vertical Gene Transfer means reproduction.

10. Correct Answer: B [ Fallopian Tube]

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In humans, fertilization normally occurs in the fallopian tube. The ovary is the female gonad that contains the eggs. The uterus is the organ that houses the developing embryo. The placenta is the structure that nourishes the embryo.

11. Correct Answer: A [ whose osmotic pressure is less than that of another]

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Hypotonic solution is a solution whose osmotic pressure is less than that of another.

12. Correct Answer: B [ Only 1, 2 & 4]

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Turmeric is an underground stem rather.

13. Correct Answer: D [ 1, 2 & 3]

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic nervous system disorder. Most of the neurons are damages during it. Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects women more than men. Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. Encephalitis is an acute infection and inflammation of the brain itself.

14. Correct Answer: C [ Both 1 & 2]

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Both are correct statements

15. Correct Answer: C [ Both 1 & 2]

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Both are correct statements

16. Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]

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Healthy kidneys produce a hormone called EPO. EPO prompts the bone marrow to make red blood cells. Nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood.

17. Correct Answer: C [1 cm s^-2]

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One dyne force is that much force which produces an acceleration of 1 cm s^-2 in a body of mass one gram. 1 dyne = 1 g cm s^-2 Also, 1 N = 10⁵ dyne

18. Correct Answer: A [Solids]

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The density is maximum in case of solids. In the case of liquids, the density is less than solids but more than gases. In gases, the density is minimum.

19. Correct Answer: A [resistance to fluid motion]

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Most of the fluids offer some resistance to motion. This resistance to fluid motion is called viscosity. This resistance is like an internal friction analogous to friction when a solid moves on a surface.

20. Correct Answer: A [it increases]

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In any medium as we increase the temperature the speed of sound increases. For example, the speed of sound in air is 331 m s–1 at 0 ºC and 344 m s–1 at 22 ºC.

21. Correct Answer: A [velocity of molecules in its atmosphere is lesser than escape velocity]

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A planet will have atmosphere if the velocity of molecule in its atmosphere is lesser than escape velocity. This is why earth has atmosphere while moon has no atmosphere.

22. Correct Answer: D [10^–10 metre]

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The forces between the atoms because of the electrostatic interaction between the charges of the atoms are called interatomic forces. These forces are active if the distance between the two atoms is of the order of atomic size i.e. 10^–10 metre. These forces are electrical in nature.

23. Correct Answer: B [it sinks]

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The body sinks in the fluid in case its density is greater than the density of the fluid. For example, an iron nail has greater density than water, therefore it sinks in water.

24. Correct Answer: C [centre of buoyancy]

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The centre of gravity of the fluid which is displaced by an object is known as centre of buoyancy. For stable equilibrium for floating body, the line joining the centre of gravity of the body and centre of floatation should be vertical.

25. Correct Answer: A [Nature of liquid]

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The Surface tension depends only on the nature of liquid and is independent of the area of surface or length of line considered. Surface tension of a liquid is measured by the force acting per unit length on either side of an imaginary line drawn on the free surface of liquid.

26. Correct Answer: B [Coulomb ]

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The SI unit of electric charge is coulomb (C), which is equivalent to the charge contained in nearly 6 × 10¹⁸ electrons.

27. Correct Answer: C [Both a and b]

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The magnetic field lines are closed curves. The relative strength of the magnetic field is shown by the degree of closeness of the field lines.

28. Correct Answer: D [Hydrogen]

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The three most stable isotopes of hydrogen: protium, deuterium, and tritium.

29. Correct Answer: A [The nuclear force does not depend on the electric charge]

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The nuclear force is much stronger than the Coulomb force acting between charges or the gravitational forces between masses. The nuclear force does not depend on the electric charge.

30.Correct Answer: C [Gold]

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Rutherford directed beams of alpha particles (which are the nuclei of helium atoms and hence positively charged) at thin gold foil and noted how the alpha particles scattered from the foil.

31. Correct Answer: D [Both a and b]

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The water becomes hard when water percolates through deposits of limestone and chalk which are largely made up of calcium and magnesium salts.

32. Correct Answer: A [Georges Cuvier]

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Georges Cuvier is considered to be the father of Comparative Anatomy.

33. Correct Answer: A [genome and capsid]

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Viral nucleocapsid is a combination of genome and capsid. A virus is made up of a DNA or RNA genome inside a protein shell called a capsid.

34. Correct Answer: A [Bisexual flowers]

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Flowers having both androecium and gynoecium are called Bisexual flowers. Flowers are the reproductive part of the plant. They are not only involved in reproduction but are also a source of food for other living organisms.

35. Correct Answer: D [Arthropoda]

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Spiders, butterflies, and mosquitoes belong to Arthropoda. This means jointed legs. This is the largest phylum in the animal kingdom.

36. Correct Answer: D [Hookworm]

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Hookworm causes ankylostomiasis disease. It causes anemia. They stick to the intestinal wall and suck the blood causing anemia.

37. Correct Answer: C [Copper]

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The blue pigment of Molluscan blood is hemocyanin from Copper. Haemocyanin is the pigment found in the blood of molluscs, crustaceans, and arthropods.

38. Correct Answer: C [Phenology]

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Phenology is the study of bird migration. Ornithology is a branch of zoology dealing with the study of birds.

39. Correct Answer: A [intestines of pigs]

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Heparin comes from the intestines of pigs that are slaughtered for meat. Heparin is an important anticoagulant.

40. Correct Answer: A [epidermis]

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The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin which provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone.